Biblical
criticism advanced several methods for filtering the veracity of the Bible
since the 18th century. Most of the critical devices turned out to
be logically incomplete. Even so one may reasonably consider the Genesis story
of the flood in several interpretive paradigms when one adds what is known of
history to the mix. Before Columbus discovered the New World most people did not think
of the world as being round. Kopernik/Copernicus developed a heliocentric theory
published in 1543. Copernicus started
looking in 1504 for sun-centred mechanics in 1504. After Magellan expedition sailed
around the world 1519-1522 the heliocentric theory was doomed to acceptance even
among scientists.
It
is quite possible that people of 2000 B.C. did not think of the world as
referring to a round Earth either. People capturing the gist of the story in 3rd
millennium B.C. Sumer perhaps didn’t use
geographic concepts that wouldn’t make much sense to people for another 3 or 4
thousand years. Hence the history of the flood story may refer to a local event
in Mesopotamia . That seems consistent
with other facts related in the narrative. Some anti-Christians tend to read today’s
meaning of the word ‘world’ into Genesis and dismiss the timing due to
evolution theory paradigmata. Without considering the meaning of the terms of
Genesis much people may leap to wrong conclusions and be satisfied with their
subjective epistemology; bad choice.
Considering
that Abraham of Sumer brought the flood story with him in moving to Zion circa
2000 B.C., and that his knowledge of the story of the flood was the same story
from the same place as related in the Tale of Gilgamesh, according to
modern skeptical criticism it is probably true. Geography and the history of
sea level rise and global warming at the end of the Wisconsin Glacial era
support the concept that a proto-civilization also known as the whole world to
the people of the region actually was subsumed by a catastrophic flood. Noah's home town might have existed under today's Persian Gulf anytime since the ending of the Wisconsin Ice age perhaps 25,000 years ago.
Noah
of course survived the flood being prepared with a vessel able to ride out the
storm surge and flood. Maybe the proto-civilization was below sea level and
protected by a dirt barrier that was overcome suddenly. That happened in the
history of the Black Sea very long ago too. The Bible relates that Noah’s
sons went out to found peoples-and they didn’t do that alone. Genesis seems to
indicate that local women were already living in Egypt , Cush etc. That makes
sense. A local flood wiped out the first civilization and the sons of Noah
journeyed to start new civilizations. They had the advantage of knowledge.
Some
very conservative literalists will demure with the theory above saying that the
entire book of Genesis originates with Moses through revelation. That is partly
true. Moses as a son of Israel perhaps learned Jewish
history from those that went with the Jews into Egyptian captivity. The captive
Jews learned that from Abraham’s line. Moses as a prince of Egypt new hieroglyphics and
learned the Jewish language of the day-Hebrew. In the 40 years wandering in the
desert Moses was able to synthesize/invent the first phonetic alphabet-the
aleph beth, and the Ten Commandments appeared carved in stone-so much better
than on just paper or a digital medium for durability. All of the aforementioned
was divinely inspired. Some can quibble about how much and what form the divine
guidance affected the construction of the history of the chosen people. I
should mention that this theory is only one way of interpreting the content of Genesis-others
exist. Neither is it necessary that there is only one right interpretation for
the meaning of Genesis and the Flood story. Maybe it can be said that divine
guidance is the necessary criterion.
This
was written by the Prophet Daniel about 550 B.C.
Daniel 7:
“9 I beheld till
the thrones were cast down, and the Ancient of days did sit, whose garment was
white as snow, and the hair of his head like the pure wool: his throne was like
the fiery flame, and his wheels as burning fire.
10 A fiery stream issued and came forth
from before him: thousand thousands ministered unto him, and ten thousand times
ten thousand stood before him: the judgment was set, and the books were opened.
11 I beheld then because of the voice of the
great words which the horn spake: I beheld even till the beast was slain, and
his body destroyed, and given to the burning flame.
12 As concerning the rest of the beasts,
they had their dominion taken away: yet their lives were prolonged for a season
and time.
13 I saw in the night visions, and,
behold, one like the Son of man came with the clouds of heaven, and came to the
Ancient of days, and they brought him near before him.
14 And there was given him dominion, and
glory, and a kingdom, that all people, nations, and languages, should serve
him: his dominion is an everlasting dominion, which shall not pass away, and
his kingdom that which shall not be destroyed.
15 I Daniel was grieved in my spirit in
the midst of my body, and the visions of my head troubled me.”
Christians believe the above
refers to God the Father and Jesus Christ. There is a teleology (purpose and
divine plan) for the people of the world leading to heaven or hell. One may be
saved from the latter with faith in Jesus Christ as Lord. It is an important
choice to make.