Governing
the senses, rather than being governed by the senses, is an implicit
human characteristic of reason. Reason is a process of mind sorting
through a large body of sense data that is evaluated to comprehend
and implement behavior in best self-interest. Chapter eight of
Richard Baxter's 'Ethics' concerns governing the senses. It is
another brilliant essay in 'Ethics'. I think Baxter's acute
philosophical thought would surprise many philosophers. After all,
Baxter wrote this book circa 1655-a contemporary of Descartes and
prior to Hume and Sartre. Perennial ideas concerning mind, reason,
perceptions, sense data and the relation between the temporal world
and the atemporal eternal reality from which the Universe condensed
or precipitated perhaps phenomenally like a hologram or more
substantially as a steady state of quantum entanglement of energy
packets are of continuing interest and have beginning for the west
with pre-Socratic philosophers besides the obvious Athenians
Socrates, Plato and Democritus. Baxter's applied use of the salient
philosophical concepts is entirely within a theological paradigm
however and might easily slip past the review of overly technical
contemporary philosophers and philologists interested in the history
of ideas.
To
a certain extent encountering sense-data is a forced rather than an
optional experience. A mind without sense data input fundamentally
would need to be non-existent or without a body and hence
non-existent. It may be possible for a human spirit via the grace of
God to exist without a body, however the human mind seems to be a
concatenation of human physiology existing as a processor of
information at a conscious and subconscious level.
The
philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer wrote in his book 'The
Fourfold Roots of Reason'
a piece examining the relationship of mind to sense data. That is a
perennial philosophical line of inquiry. Bishop Berkeley for instance
developed ideaism (aka idealism) through the consideration of the
mind to sense data relation). Schopenhauer showed that mind can input
and reconfigure sense data in such a way as to get more out of sense
data than the mere physical input provides. The example he used was
that of 3-D vision.
Sense
data actually provides flat-screen 2-dimensional visual input and the
brain with a little training uses the different angles of input from
the eyes being set apart to create a virtual 3-D appearance. That
has since been a well-researched field of study that has been broadly
applied to horses and creatures that look up from the ground or down
from above and so forth regarding the position of their eyes on the
skull.
Not
to get too far into that particular sense data inquiry, the
relationship of mind to sense data and of reason to sense data is of
interest for Christians; sanctification according to the measure of
God's grace permits reason to develop a spiritual and eternal
capacity rather than simply a temporal relation and capacity for
reason-and that is a profound difference concerning actual individual
and social human behavior.
Contemporary
American psychology largely concerns empirical and temporal reason
and physiological relations of mind to body and sense data. Because
it is fundamentally empirical it has lent itself to an anti-eternal
bias. It is like Plato without a realm of forms, or Socratic virtue
without eternal reason. As American psychology is a temporal and
reductionist study discovering 'mechanical' or innate causality for
sense data and cognitive processing it has tended to move toward a
fracturization of reason in the temporal and nihilation of reason
concerning eternal, non-phenomenal things.
That
observation isn't new of course. David Hume was the first of
philosophers to formalize the maxim that if a book isn't about sense
data input, concrete things one should burn it as sophistry. That
point of view seems commensurate with contemporary British
imperialism through corporatism and the destruction and degradation
of civilian rights, morals and reason in order to default to rule by
financial elites without actual democracy being developed.
Baxter
has a great page or two (actually most all of them are compared to
much writing today) describing the fundamental state of human reason
in comparison to that of brutes (or purely materialistic feminists
and others seeking pure class ego advancement and advantage without
reason of eternal values).
The
quote from chapter eight, direction 1; "Reason is dethroned by
sin; and the will is left unguided and unguarded to the rapes of
sensual violence. Reason must be restored, before sense will be well
governed; for what else must be their immediate governor? it is no
sin for brutes to live by sense, because they have not reason to rule
it; and in man it is ruled more or less, as reason is more or less
restored. When reason is only cleared about things temporal (as in
men of worldly wisdom,) there sense will be mastered and ruled as to
such temporal, as far as they require it. But where is reason is
sanctified, there sense is ruled to the ends of sanctification,
according to the measure of grace."
I
think the development of reason is not so well respected today by
select elites though there is more knowledge than ever before. There
is perhaps a variegated advance along the social front regarding
knowledge, reason and spiritual discernment that does not occur at an
equal pace everyplace on Earth in space and time. So if reason falls
victim now and then to politics and mass psychology martinets, it
probably recovers eventually after some mayhem and destruction,
despair and chaos. The U.S.A. presently has a non-reasoning
sense-data kind of foreign policy vectors in the Middle-East and
Ukraine, and the President has levered through homosexual marriage
and a homosexual nominee for Secretary of the Army. Since pre-trib
evangelicals also are simplistic and non-reasoning enough concerning
their choice of eschatology it seems apropos that so much of U.S.
foreign policy and domestic social development is off-balance and
non-reasoning about eternal values and principles. Maybe that will
again change yet one should never misunderestimate the powers of mass
error under the tutelage of the broadcast media. One cannot expect
Americans all to be John Rambo disregarding pain as easily as the
mythical Buddhist monk for whom all is illusory and when the bell
tolls it is silent or no bell at all. It is possible however to
develop reason about the senses such that objectivity concerning the
senses and sense data builds up. For Christians original sin tolls
the bell for all and thee, yet it is not the signal for an,
unreasoning temporal spree. Reason with an eye to the eternal world
lets the Lord shield one with grace . From sense data that would
overcome reason, and resonant bells sounding Satan hellish pace, the
Lord Jesus navigates one through temporal, sensory shoals to the
eternal place of God.
It
is also the case that experience really changes reception of and
reaction to sense data and empirical circumstance. Consider how one
can prevent blisters from walking in boots through a variety of
means, or that infected blisters can cause blood poisoning and death
fairly swiftly. The naive walk right into disaster, while the
experienced applying the benefit of knowledge with reason act to
prevent such development from occurring. Christians too have
innumerable sensory traps that might be avoided with reason and
experience, and just relying upon the word of God, that are common
and recurrent to all that experience life.