As I understand it, China has a one-party system and is intolerant of political pluralism and diversity of political opinions. China represses free speech, free assembly and so forth that are regarded as essential for democracy.
The Chinese communist party began as a militant, revolutionary party. Perhaps there aren’t ideal conditions for the start of democracy. The United States had a minority of philosophically minded colonists that had a financial incentive to revolt against royalty and the like that had legal class supremacy. China had a troubled start to the 20th century with revolt against royalty, civil war and a battle against Japanese invasion. The military leadership of the C.P.C. emerged victorious on the mainland and continued on to civilian leadership.
Communist theory from Marx and Lenin and on to Mao I suppose is about the dictatorship of the proletariat and one-party rule and that isn’t an ideal environment for political pluralism. The F.S.U. allowed political pluralism to develop in Russia yet it is obviously challenging for a developing political ruling class in a reforming nation to allow strong opposition parties to develop that might purge the former insiders if they were to take power. Evidently the development of Democracy in non-frontier or wilderness environments is a little more, or a lot more difficult to bring into effect.
Wealth of course does tend to trump political balances and China in letting a mixed capitalist-socialist political economy to develop may be able to disregard traditional approaches to creating or allowing one’s own political opposition or replacement class of foreign proletarian migrants that would in dynamic opposition create the tension of multi-party democracy and satisfy the masses with unsustainable, temporary prosperity (the entire world has natural resource and demographic sustainability issues).
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